![]() Depending on students’ comfort level with reading and applying new information on their own, you may also want to introduce orbital diagrams and how they relate to the Aufbau principle, the Pauli exclusion principle, and Hund’s rule, which are presented in the “Background” section of the student handout. Students should have been introduced to the concepts of energy levels, orbitals, valence electrons, and electron configurations prior to this activity.No specific safety precautions need to be observed for this activity.18 flat marbles of one color and 18 flat marbles of a second color per group (flat marbles can be substituted with two different colored bingo chips or other colored markers).This activity supports students’ understanding of: Identify magnetic properties of atoms and ions based on electron configurations.Examine patterns in the electron configurations of various ions and atoms.Create electron configuration and orbital diagram models for various atoms and ions by following the Aufbau Principle, Pauli Exclusion Principle, and Hund’s Rule.HS-PS1-2: Construct and revise an explanation for the outcome of a simple chemical reaction based on the outermost electron states of atoms, trends in the periodic table, and knowledge of the patterns of chemical properties.īy the end of this activity, students should be able to:.HS-PS1-1: Use the periodic table as a model to predict the relative properties of elements based on the patterns of electrons in the outermost energy level of atoms.This activity will help prepare your students to meet the performance expectations in the following standards: They will then look for patterns in the electron configurations and orbital diagrams of various atoms and ions. ![]() They will use colored flat marbles to represent different directional spins of electrons as they fill orbitals based on energy level. In this activity, students will learn how to apply the Aufbau principle, Pauli exclusion principle, and Hund’s rule to model electron configurations and orbital diagrams.
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